Today in History May 14

1027 – Robert II, the Vrome, names son Henry I, king of France

1607 – First permanent English settlement in the New World, Jamestown, Virginia

1610 – Assassination of Henri IV of France, bringing Louis XIII to the throne

1643 – Louis XIV becomes King of France aged four

1702 – England and Netherlands declare war on France and Spain

1702 – Swedish troops under King Charles XII occupy Warsaw

1796 – First smallpox inoculation administered, by Edward Jenner

1804 – Lewis and Clark set out from St Louis for Pacific Coast

1842 – Illustrated London News; the world’s first illustrated weekly newspaper, begins publication

1853 – Gail Borden patents her process for condensed milk. Condensed milk is cow’s milk from which water has been removed. Raw milk is clarified and standardised, and is then heated to 85-90°C for several seconds. This heating process destroys some microorganisms, decreases fat separation and inhibits oxidation. Some water is evaporated from the milk and sugar is added until a 9:11 ratio of sugar to (evaporated) milk is reached. The sugar extends the shelf life of sweetened condensed milk. That’s a lot of sugar!

1861 – The Canellas meteorite, an 859-gram chondrite-type meteorite, strikes the earth near Barcelona, Spain.

1878 – Vaseline is first sold (registered trademark for petroleum jelly)

1896 – Lowest US temperature in May recorded (-10°F /-23°C at Climax, Colorado)

1908 – First passenger flight in an airplane

1932 – “We Want Beer!” parade in NYC . Jimmy Walker, then the Mayor of New York City, organized a daylong “Beer for Taxation” parade later known as the “We Want Beer” Business leaders, international figures, and society matrons parade down  Fifth Avenue advocating repeal of prohibition.

1955 – Warsaw Pact is signed by the Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania

1961 – Bus with first group of Freedom Riders bombed and burned in Alabama

In 1955, Moss won Italy’s thousand-mile Mille Miglia road race, an achievement Doug Nye described as the “most iconic single day’s drive in motor racing history.”

1961 – Stirling Moss wins the 1961 Monaco Grand Prix

1973 – Skylab launched, 1st Space Station

1986 – Institute for War Documents publishes Anne Frank’s complete diary

2012 – Stanford University scientists develop prototype bionic eye

1686 – Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, Prussia, inventor of thermometer

1725 – Ludovico Manin, last Doge of Venice (d. 1802)

	Diane Arbus

1923 – Diane Arbus, [Nemerov], NYC, photographer (Vogue/Harper’s Bazaar)

1936 – Bobby Darin, [Walden Waldo Cassotto], Bronx, singer (Mack the Knife)

1946 – Robert Jarvik, surgeon/inventor (Jarvik 7 artificial heart)

1952 – David Byrne, Dumbarton Scotland, rock guitarist/singer (Talking Heads-Burning Down the House)

1610 – Henry IV, 1st Bourbon King of France (1572, 89-1610), murdered at 56

1643 – Louis XIII, King of France (1610-43), dies at 41

1878 – Ookubo Toshimichi, Japanese statesman, samurai, and one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration (b. 1830)

1918 – James Gordon Bennett, Jr., American newspaper publisher (b. 1841)

1919 – Henry John Heinz, founder of the H. J. Heinz Company, dies at 74

1940 – Emma Goldman,  anarchist/feminist/author (Living My Life)

1993 – William Randolph Hearst, newspaper magnate, dies at 85

1998 – Frank Sinatra, American singer and actor, dies at 82