1027 – Robert II, the Vrome, names son Henry I, king of France
1607 – First permanent English settlement in the New World, Jamestown, Virginia
1610 – Assassination of Henri IV of France, bringing Louis XIII to the throne
1643 – Louis XIV becomes King of France aged four
1702 – England and Netherlands declare war on France and Spain
1702 – Swedish troops under King Charles XII occupy Warsaw
1796 – First smallpox inoculation administered, by Edward Jenner
1804 – Lewis and Clark set out from St Louis for Pacific Coast
Thomas Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark’s Corps of Discovery to find a water route to the Pacific and explore the uncharted West. He believed woolly mammoths, erupting volcanoes, and a mountain of pure salt awaited them. What they found was no less mind-boggling: some 300 species unknown to science, nearly 50 Indian tribes, and the Rockies.
1842 – Illustrated London News; the world’s first illustrated weekly newspaper, begins publication
1853 – Gail Borden patents her process for condensed milk. Condensed milk is cow’s milk from which water has been removed. Raw milk is clarified and standardised, and is then heated to 85-90°C for several seconds. This heating process destroys some microorganisms, decreases fat separation and inhibits oxidation. Some water is evaporated from the milk and sugar is added until a 9:11 ratio of sugar to (evaporated) milk is reached. The sugar extends the shelf life of sweetened condensed milk.
1861 – The Canellas meteorite, an 859-gram chondrite-type meteorite, strikes the earth near Barcelona, Spain.
1878 – Vaseline is first sold (registered trademark for petroleum jelly)
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1932 – “We Want Beer!” parade in NY
People march in the Great Beer Parade,with Mayor Jimmy Walker leading the parade. Business leaders, international figures, and society matrons paraded down the Fifth Avenue advocating the repeal of prohibition.
1955 – Warsaw Pact is signed by the Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland & Romania
1961 – Bus with Freedom Riders bombed and burned in Alabama
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Sir Stirling Moss
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1961 – Stirling Moss wins the 1961 Monaco Grand Prix
1973 – Skylab launched, first Space Station
1995 – Dalai Lama proclaims 6-year-old Gedhun Choekyi Nyima 11th reincarnation of Panchen Lama, Tibet’s 2nd most senior spiritual leader
2012 – Stanford University scientists develop prototype bionic eye
Birthdays
1686 – Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, Prussia, inventor
1725 – Ludovico Manin, last Doge of Venice (d. 1802)
1923 – Diane Arbus, [Nemerov], photographer (Vogue/Harper’s Bazaar)
1946 – Robert Jarvik, surgeon/inventor (Jarvik 7 artificial heart)
1952 – David Byrne, Dumbarton Scotland, (Talking Heads-Burning Down the House)
Deaths
1610 – Henry IV, Bourbon King of France (1572, 89-1610), murdered at 56
1643 – Louis XIII, King of France (1610-43), dies at 41
1878 – Ookubo Toshimichi, Japanese statesman, samurai, and one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration (b. 1830)
1918 – James Gordon Bennett, Jr., American newspaper publisher (b. 1841)
1919 – Henry John Heinz, founder of the H. J. Heinz Company, dies at 74
1940 – Emma Goldman, anarchist/feminist/author (Living My Life), dies
1993 – William Randolph Hearst, newspaper magnate (Pulitzer), dies at 85
1998 – Frank Sinatra, American singer and actor, dies at 82
Edited from various sources including historyorb.com, the NYTimes.com and many other Google searches