Today in History March 19

1279 – A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.

1524 – Giovanni da Verrazzano sailing for King Francis of France sights land around area of Carolinas. While his place of birth in a small village south of Florence or in Lyon France is debatable, what is not is that Giovanni da Verrazzano (1485-1528) was said to always considered himself a Florentine. Consider that only twenty years earlier had Columbus, a Genoan sailing for Spain, ‘discovered’ a New World. A navigator by profession, he jumped at the chance to work aboard the Pensee as it embarked for the coast of America around 1508 when he was in his early twenties. Fifteen years later in 1523, King Francis 1 of France commissioned Verrazano to explore the coast from New Found land to Florida seeking new trading routes to the Far East. Within four months Verrazano had four ships set to sail, but after a series of weather and mechanical setbacks, the Dauphine was the only vessel to reach the coast of present day North Carolina. In the upcoming days and weeks he sailed north stopping in New York Harbor, which he described as a lake and mentioned the Lenapae Indians living there. His third voyage ended with his death, as one version tells it he was killed and eaten by the natives. Another story says the Spanish executed him at sea for  piracy.

	Robert Moses

When the bridge was in the planning stages there was a big push to name the bridge after Verrazzano. Robert Moses was against the idea for two reasons, ” It’s too long a name and I never heard of the guy”.

1563 – Peace of Amboise: Rights for Huguenots

1644 – 200 members of Peking imperial family/court commit suicide in loyalty to the Emperor

1687 – Explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle, searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River, is murdered by his own men.

1831 – First US bank robbery at City Bank in New York for $245,000

1863 – The SS Georgiana, said to have been the most powerful Confederate cruiser, is destroyed on her maiden voyage with a cargo of munitions, medicines and merchandise then valued at over $1,000,000. The wreck was discovered on the same day and month, exactly 102 years later by teenage diver.

1883 – Jan Matzeliger invents first machine to manufacture entire shoe

1917 – US Supreme Court upheld 8-hr work day for railroad employees

1931 – Nevada legalizes gambling

1932 – The Sydney Harbour Bridge is opened.

1942 – FDR orders men between 45 & 64 to register for non military duty

1965 – The wreck of the SS Georgiana, valued at over $50,000,000 and said to have been the most powerful Confederate cruiser, was discovered by then

teenage diver and pioneer underwater archaeologist E. Lee Spence exactly 102 years after its destruction.

1969 – Chicago 8 indicted in aftermath of Chicago Democratic convention

1973 – Dean tells Nixon, “There is a cancer growing on the Presidency“

1987 – PTL leader Jim Bakker resigns after sex scandal with Jessica Hahn

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1994 – Largest omelet (1,383sq ft) made with 160,000 eggs in Yokohama Japan

1995 – 5 die by poison gas in Japanese subway

2004 – A Swedish DC-3 shot down by a Russian MiG-15 in the 1950s is finally recovered after years of work. The remains of the crew are left in place,

pending further investigations.

2013 – NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity discovers further evidence of water-bearing minerals

Josef Albers       Graphic Tectonic 1941

1589 – William Bradford, Governor of Plymouth colony

1813 – David Livingstone, Scotland, explorer

1888 – Josef Albers, German/US graphic artist/painter/writer (Bauhaus)

	Judge John J Sirica

1904 – John J Sirica, US federal judge

1947 – Glenn Close, Greenwich Ct, actress

1955 – Bruce Willis, Penna Grove NJ,

1924 – American poet e.e. (Edward Estlin) Cummings marries first wife Elaine Orr. The marriage lasts less than 9 months.

1996 – Winnie Mandela divorces Nelson after 38 years of marrage

Deaths

1644 – Chongzhen, last Ming Emperor of China, commits suicide

2005 – John De Lorean, American automobile engineer (b. 1925)

2008 – Sir Arthur C. Clarke,  science fiction author and inventor (b. 1917)

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