607 – 12th recorded perihelion passage of Halley’s Comet
1519 – Cortez lands in Mexico
1639 – Cambridge College renamed Harvard for clergyman John Harvard
1677 – Massachusetts gains title to Maine for $6,000
1759 – 27th recorded perihelion passage of Halley’s Comet
1888 – Great Blizzard of 1888 rages
1900 – In France the length of the workday for women and children is limited to 11 hours by law.
1925 – Tennessee makes it unlawful to teach evolution
1930 – Clyde Tombaugh announces discovery of Pluto at Lowell Observatory
1938 – Anschluss – Austria annexed by Nazi Germany
1943 – Failed assassin attempt on Hitler during Smolensk-Rastenburg flight
1970 – Digital Equipment Corp introduces PDP-11 minicomputer
1980 – Ford Motor Co found innocent in death of 3 women in a fiery Pinto
1986 – Microsoft has its Initial Public Offering.
1991 – Exxon pays $1-billion dollars in fines and cleanup of Valdez oil spill
1993 – Blizzard of ’93 hits north-east US
2003 – Human evolution: The journal Nature reports that 350,000-year-old footprints of an upright-walking human have been found in Italy.
2012 – Encyclopaedia Britannica announces that it will no longer publish printed versions of its encyclopaedia
2013 – Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio is elected as the new pope, taking the papal name Pope Francis
Birthdays
1855 – Percival “Percy” Lowell, US astronomer (predicted discovery of Pluto)
1913 – William J Casey, headed CIA during Iran-contra scandal (1981-87)
1939 – Neil Sedaka, Brooklyn, American singer/songwriter
Anniversaries
1961 – Pablo Picasso marries his model Jacqueline Rocque
Deaths
1842 – Henry Shrapnel, British soldier and inventor (b. 1761)
1938 – Clarence S Darrow, Scopes Monkey Trial attorney, dies in Chicago at 80