37 – The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius’ will and proclaims Caligula emperor.
1229 – German emperor Frederick II crowns himself king of Jerusalem
1314 – Jacques de Molay, the 23rd and the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, is burned at the stake.
1673 – Lord Berkley sells his half of New Jersey to the Quakers
1881 – Barnum & Bailey’s Greatest Show on Earth opens (Madison Square Garden)
1891 – Britain is linked to the continent by Telephone
1899 – Phoebe, a moon of Saturn is discovered by Pickering
1913 – King George I of Greece is assassinated in the recently liberated city of Thessaloniki.
1922 – British magistrates in India sentence Mahatma Gandhi to 6 years imprisonment for disobedience
1931 – First electric shavers go on sale in US (Schick)
1937 – The human-powered aircraft, Pedaliante, flies 1 kilometre (0.62 miles) outside Milan.
1940 – Benito Mussolini joins Hitler in Germany’s war against France and Britain
1945 – 1,250 US bombers attack Berlin
1959 – President Dwight D Eisenhower signs Hawaii statehood bill
1961 – Poppin’ Fresh Pillsbury Dough Boy introduced
1966 – Scott Paper begins selling paper dresses for $1
1974 – Most Arab oil producing nations end embargo against US
1989 – In Egypt, a 4,400-year-old mummy is found in the Pyramid of Cheops.
1990 – Largest ever art robbery at Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston. 13 works valued over $500 million are stolen
Birthdays
1828 – William Randal Cremer, English politician and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1908)
1837 – Grover Cleveland, NJ, 22nd/24th President (1885-89, 93-97)
1858 – Rudolph C K Diesel, German engineer (Diesel motor)
1869 – [Arthur] Neville Chamberlain, British PM (C, 1937-40)
1932 – John Updike, Shillington Pa, poet/novelist (Rabbit Run)
Deaths
235 – Marcus Aurelius Alexander, Syrian emperor of Rome (222-235), murdered
1965 – Farouk I, last King of Egypt (1936-52), dies at 45
1997 – Willem de Kooning (abstract artist), dead Alzheimer’s at 92