1519 – Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezumawelcomes him with a great celebration.
1602 – The Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford is opened to the public.
1614 – Japanese daimyō Dom Justo Takayama is exiled to the Philippines by shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu for being Christian.
1861 – The USS San Jacinto stops the British mail ship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US remembered as the Trent Affair.
1895 – While experimenting with electricity, Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the X-ray.
1933 – US President Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for more than four million unemployed.
1968 – The Vienna Convention on Road Traffic is signed to facilitate international road traffic and to increase road safety by standardizing the uniform traffic rules among the signatories.
2011 – The potentially hazardous asteroid 2005 YU55 passes 0.85 lunar distances from Earth (about 324,600 kilometres or 201,700 miles), the closest known approach by an asteroid of its brightness since 2010 XC15 in 1976.
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Freedom of Speech
by Norman Rockwell
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1921 – Douglas Townsend, American composer, musicologist, and academic. Townsend attended LaGuardia High School and later taught at Brooklyn College and Lehman College. (d. 2012)
1978 – Norman Rockwell, American painter and illustrator (b. 1894)