1666 – Great Fire of London ends: Ten thousand buildings, including Old St Paul’s Cathedral, are destroyed, but only six people are known to have died.
1698 – In an effort to Westernize his nobility, Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a tax on beards for all men except the clergy and peasantry.
1774 – First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia.
1877 – American Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
1882 – The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
1921 – Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle party in San Francisco ends with the death of the young actress Virginia Rappe: One of the first scandals of the Hollywood community.
1970 – Jochen Rindt becomes the only driver to posthumously win the Formula One World Drivers’ Championship (in 1970), after being killed in practice for the Italian Grand Prix.
1972 – Munich massacre: A Palestinian terrorist group called “Black September”attacks and takes hostage 11 Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games. Two die in the attack and nine are murdered the following day.
1975 – Sacramento, California: Lynette Fromme attempts to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford.
1984 – STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery lands after its maiden voyage.
Births
1187 – Louis VIII, king of France (d. 1226)
1638 – Louis XIV, king of France (d. 1715)
1847 – Jesse James, American outlaw (d. 1882)
1873 – Cornelius Vanderbilt III, American general and engineer (d. 1942)
1906 – Sunnyland Slim, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1995)
1942 – Werner Herzog, German actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1945 – Al Stewart, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
1946 – Loudon Wainwright III, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
1947 – Buddy Miles, American singer-songwriter and drummer (d. 2008)
Deaths
1548 – Catherine Parr, Sixth and last Queen of Henry VIII of England (b. c. 1512)
1877 – Crazy Horse, American tribal leader (b. 1849)
1993 – Claude Renoir, French cinematographer (b. 1914)
2016 – Phyllis Schlafly, American lawyer, writer, and political activist (b. 1924)