622 – Moslem Era begins-Mahomet begins flight from Mecca to Medina
1054 – Three Roman legates fracture relations between Western and Eastern Christian churches by placing invalid Papal Bull of Excommunication on altar of Hagia Sophia during Saturday afternoon divine liturgy. Often dated as start of the East-West Schism.
1429 – Joan of Arc and the French army enter the city of Rheims
1439 – Kissing is banned in England (to stop germs from spreading)
1519 – Public debate between Martin Luther & theologist John Eck atPleissenburg Castle in Liepzig, Luther denies the divine right of the Pope
1845 – NY Yacht Club holds its first regatta
1900 – A report appears in London that all foreigners in Peking, China, have been massacred. Although soon exposed as false, the report helps mobolize support for relief of foreigners
1918 – A Bolshevik firing squad at Ekaterinburg, Siberia, executes Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family
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The first A Bomb
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1945 – First test detonation of an atomic bomb, Trinity Site, Alamogordo, New Mexico
1951 – Novel Catcher in Rye by J. D. Salinger published
1969 – Apollo 11, carrying first men to land on Moon is launched
1988 – Carl Lewis runs 100 m in 9.78 sec
Birthdays
1704 – John Kay, England, machinist, invented flying shuttle
1746 – Giuseppe Piazzi, Italian monk/discoverer of the first asteroid-Ceres
1872 – Roald Amundsen, Norway, explorer, discovered South Pole
Deaths
276 – Mark Annius Florianus, emperor of Rome (276), murdered
1546 – Anne Askew, English Protestant (burned at the stake) (b. 1521)
1557 – Anne of Cleves, Queen of England/4th wife of Henry VIII, dies at 41
1871 – Tad Lincoln, son of U.S. president Abraham Lincoln
1882 – Mary Todd Lincoln, First Lady of the United States (b. 1818)
1991 – Robert Motherwell, US painter, dies at 76
1995 – Juan Manuel Fangio, racing Driver, dies at 84
1999 – John F. Kennedy Jr., American publisher (George) and lawyer and Tribecan resident, dies in a plane crash at 38 with his wife Carolyn Bessette Kennedy, and sister-in-law Lauren Bessette