1004 – Henry II the Saint crowned King of Italy
1252 – Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull ad ex stirpanda, which authorizes, but also limits, the torture of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition.
1602 – Cape Cod discovered by English navigator Bartholomew Gosnold
1718 – James Puckle, a London lawyer, patents world’s first machine gun
1793 – Diego Marín Aguilera flies a glider for “about 360 meters”, at a height of 5-6 meters, during one of the first attempted flights.
1817 – Opening of the first private mental health hospital in the United States, the Asylum for the Relief of Persons Deprived of the Use of Their Reason (now Friends Hospital) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1862 – The Confederate ship Alabama was launched as the Enrica at Birkenhead, England, where she had been built in secret. Tasked with helping the South in the American Civil War her mission was to disrupt and attack Union merchant and naval vessels. She was sunk in battle by the USS Kearsargein 1864 at the Battle of Cherbourg outside the port of Cherbourg, France.
1918 – First airmail postal service (NY, Phila & Wash DC)
1928 – Mickey Mouse made his first appearance in “Plane Crazy”
1935 – The Moscow Metro is opened to public
1940 – McDonald’s opens its first restaurant in San Bernardino, California
1942 – Gasoline first rationed in US (17 Eastern States)
1958 – USSR launches Sputnik III
1960 – Taxes took 25% of earnings in US
1963 – Last Project Mercury flight, L Gordon Cooper in Faith 7, launched
1968 – Paul McCartney and John Lennon appear on Johnny Carson Show to promote Apple records, Joe Garagiola is substitute host and presenst the most ackward talk show host with guest in TV history An inebriated Tullulah Bankhead adds to the mix with equally silly comments.
1972 – Assassination attempt on Governor George Wallace of Alabama by Arthur Bremer in Laurel, Md
1980 – First trans-US balloon crossing
2010 – Jessica Watson becomes the youngest person to sail, non-stop and unassisted around the world solo
Birthdays
1565 – Henrick de Keyser, architect/master builder of Amsterdam
1856 – Lyman Frank Baum, NY, children’s book author (Wizard of Oz)
1910 – Robert F Wagner, (Mayor-D-NYC, 1949-65)
1915 – Gus Viseur, French button accordionist (d. 1974)
1923 – Richard Avedon, US, photographer (1957 ASMP award)
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| Three Flags by Jasper Johns, 1958. |
1930 – Jasper Johns, Augusta, Ga, painter/sculptor
Deaths
392 – Valentinianus II, emperor of Rome (375-392), murdered at 21
1591 – Dmitry Ivanovitch, youngest son of Russian Tsar Ivan IV, murdered at 8
1621 – Henrick de Keyser, Amsterdam’s master builder, dies at 56
1886 – Emily Dickinson, US poet, dies at 55
1926 – Mohammed VI Vahideddin, last sultan of Turkey (1918-22), dies
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| Malevich’s White on White |
1935 – Kazimir Malevich, Polish/Ukrainian artist (b. 1878)
1967 – Edward Hopper, US painter (House by Railroad), dies at 84
2007 – Jerry Falwell, American evangelist (b. 1933)
Edited from various sources including historyorb.com, the NYTimes.com and many other Google searches