12 BC – The Roman Emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor.
1521 – Ferdinand Magellan arrives at Guam.
1788 – The First Fleet arrives at Norfolk Island in order to found a convict settlement.
1820 – The Missouri Compromise is signed into law by President James Monroe. The compromise allows Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, brings Maine into the Union as a free state, and makes the rest of the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase territory slavery-free.
1869 – Dmitri Mendeleev presents the first periodic table to the Russian Chemical Society.
1899 – Bayer registers “Aspirin” as a trademark.
1943 – Norman Rockwell published Freedom from Want in The Saturday Evening Post with a matching essay by Carlos Bulosan as part of the Four Freedoms series.
1945 – World War II: Cologne is captured by American troops.
1953 – Georgy Malenkov succeeds Joseph Stalin as Premier of the Soviet Union and First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1967 – Joseph Stalin’s daughter Svetlana Alliluyeva defects to the US
1970 – An explosion at the Weather Underground safe house in Greenwich Village kills three.
1975 – For the first time the Zapruder film of the assassination of John F. Kennedy is shown in motion to a national TV audience
The Zapruder film is a silent, color motion picture sequence shot by private citizen Abraham Zapruder with a home-movie camera, as President John F. Kennedy’s motorcade passed through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963
1992 – The Michelangelo computer virus begins to affect computers.
Births
1475 – Michelangelo, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1564)
1619 – Cyrano de Bergerac, French author and playwright (d. 1655)
1812 – Aaron Lufkin Dennison, American businessman, co-founded the Waltham Watch Company (d. 1895)
1906 – Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (d. 1959)
1923 – Ed McMahon, American comedian, game show host, and announcer (d. 2009)
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Wes Montgomery
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1923 – Wes Montgomery, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 1968)
1927 – Gordon Cooper, American engineer, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2004)
1936 – Marion Barry, American lawyer and politician, 2nd Mayor of the District of Columbia (d. 2014)
1947 – Rob Reiner, American actor, director, producer, and activist
Deaths
190 – Prince of Hongnong (poisoned by Dong Zhuo) (b. 176)
1836 – Deaths at the Battle of the Alamo:
James Bonham, American lawyer and soldier (b. 1807)
James Bowie, American colonel (b. 1796)
Davy Crockett, American soldier and politician (b. 1786)
William B. Travis, American lieutenant colonel and lawyer (b. 1809)
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Georgia O’Keeffe, A Portrait, 1918 by Alfred Stieglitz Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
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1888 – Louisa May Alcott, American novelist and poet (b. 1832)
1900 – Gottlieb Daimler, German engineer and businessman, co-founded Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (b. 1834)
1932 – John Philip Sousa, American conductor and composer (b. 1854)
1973 – Pearl S. Buck, American novelist, essayist, short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
1986 – Georgia O’Keeffe, American painter (b. 1887)
2007 – Ernest Gallo, American businessman, co-founded E & J Gallo Winery (b. 1909)
2016 – Nancy Reagan, 42nd First Lady of the United States (b. 1921)