609 – Pope Boniface I turns Pantheon in Rome into a Catholic church
1110 – Crusaders march into Beirut causing a bloodbath
1497 – Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia) excommunicated Girolamo Savonarola (Italian Dominican friar and an influential contributor to the politics of Florence. He vehemently preached against the moral corruption of much of the clergy at the time, and his main opponent was Rodrigo Borgia).
1559 – Exhumed corpse of heretic David Jorisz burned in Basel
1607 – English colonists, led by John Smith, land near James River in Virginia
1643 – Heavy earthquake strikes Santiago Chile; killing a third of the population
1787 – Arthur Phillip sets sails with 11 ships of criminals to Botany Bay, Australia
1913 – First four engine aircraft built and flown
1940 – Churchill says “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat”
1950 – Diner’s Club issues its first credit cards
1950 – The first round of the Formula 1 World Championship is held at Silverstone.
1965 – Rolling Stones record “Satisfaction”
1979 – Shah of Iran and family sentenced to death in Teheran
1981 – Pope John Paul II is shot and critically wounded by Turkish gunman Mehemet Ali Agca in St Peter’s Square, Vatican City